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An introduction to Lithuania:
Lithuania, country of northeastern Europe, the southernmost and largest of the three Baltic states. Lithuania was a powerful empire that dominated much of eastern Europe in the 14th–16th centuries before becoming part of the Polish-Lithuanian confederation for the next two centuries.
Aside from a brief period of independence from 1918 to 1940, Lithuania was occupied by Russia beginning in 1795, was controlled by Germany for a brief period during World War II, and was incorporated into the U.S.S.R. in 1944 as one of its constituent republics. On March 11, 1990, Lithuania declared its independence by a unanimous vote of its newly elected parliament. The new Soviet parliament acknowledged Lithuania’s independence on September 6, 1991. Lithuania was admitted into the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in 2004. The capital is Vilnius.
Lithuania, today, is often described as a small country. But as the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, it was a medieval power for centuries, with a strong army and skilled leaders.
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania began to expand once it had defeated the Teutonic Knights, who had been an encroaching enemy—one that still held parts of the Baltics even as Lithuania’s territory grew.
In the 16th century, Under Vytautas the Great, the Grand Duchy was the largest it had ever been, encompassing much of what is today’s Ukraine and Belarus as well as parts of Russia and Poland. On guided tours of the country, you’ll often be presented with this information because it’s one of the most popular facts about Lithuania.
Not bad for a “small” country!
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