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Artist:
Frederic Edwin Church (May 4, 1826 – April 7, 1900) was an American landscape painter born in Hartford, Connecticut. He was a central figure in the Hudson River School of American landscape painters, best known for painting large landscapes, often depicting mountains, waterfalls, and sunsets. Church’s paintings put an emphasis on realistic detail, dramatic light, and panoramic views. He debuted some of his major works in single-painting exhibitions to a paying and often enthralled audience in New York City. In his prime, he was one of the most famous painters in the United States.
Church began his career by painting classic Hudson River School scenes of New York and New England, but by 1850, he had settled in New York. He exhibited his art at the American Art Union, the Boston Art Club, and (most impressively for a young artist) the National Academy of Design. His method consisted of creating paintings in his studio based on sketches in nature. In the earlier years of his career, Church’s style was reminiscent of that of his teacher, Thomas Cole, and epitomized the Hudson River School’s founding styles. As his style progressed he departed from Cole’s approach: he painted in more elaborate detail and his compositions became more adventurous in format, sometimes with dramatic light effects.
Church made two trips to South America in 1853 and 1857 and stayed predominantly in Quito, Ecuador. The first trip was with businessman Cyrus West Field, who financed the voyage, hoping to use Church’s paintings to lure investors to his South American ventures. Church was inspired by Alexander von Humboldt’s exploration of the continent in the early 1800s; Humboldt had challenged artists to portray the “physiognomy” of the Andes. After Humboldt’s Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America was published in 1852, Church jumped at the chance to travel and study in Humboldt’s footsteps. When Church returned in 1857 with painter Louis Rémy Mignot, he added to his landscape paintings of the area. After both trips, Church had produced a number of landscapes of Ecuador and the Andes, such as The Andes of Ecuador (1855), Cayambe (1858), The Heart of the Andes (1859), and Cotopaxi (1862). The Heart of the Andes, Church’s most famous painting, pictures several elements of topography combined into an idealistic, broad portrait of nature. The painting was very large, yet highly detailed; every species of plant and animal is identifiable and numerous climate zones appear at once.
As he had with Niagara before, Church debuted The Heart of the Andes in a single-painting exhibition in New York City. Thousands of people paid to see the painting, with the painting’s huge floor-based frame playing the part of a window looking out on the Andes. The audience sat on benches to view the piece, sometimes using opera glasses to get close, and Church strategically darkened the room with a spotlight on the painting. The work was an instant success. Church eventually sold it for $10,000, at that time the highest price ever paid for a work by a living American artist.
During the Civil War, Church was inspired to paint Our Banner in the Sky, from which a lithograph was made and sold to benefit the families of Union soldiers. In 1863, he was elected an Associate Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
By 1860, Church was the most renowned American artist. In his prime, Church was a commercial as well as an artistic success. Church’s art was very lucrative; he was reported to be worth half a million dollars at his death in 1900.
Фредерик Эдвин Чёрч (англ. Frederic Edwin Church, 4 мая 1826, Хартфорд (Коннектикут) — 7 апреля 1900, Олана) — американский художник-пейзажист, романтик, видный представитель школы реки Гудзон.
Практически все произведения Чёрча представляют собой пейзажи монументальных форм, часто окрашенные в драматически красные тона.
Frederic Edwin Church (Hartford, Connecticut, 4 de maio de 1826 — Nova Iorque, 7 de abril de 1900) foi um pintor paisagista norte-americano.
Foi a figura central da Escola do Rio Hudson de pintores e paisagistas norte-americanos. Foi aluno de Thomas Cole em Palenville, Nova York. Tornou-se conhecido, sobretudo, por pintar paisagens colossais, com frequência em localizações exóticas. Sua pintura O Coração dos Andes, atualmente na coleção do Metropolitan Museum of Art mede 1,67 metros de altura por 3 metros de largura.
弗雷德里克·埃德溫·丘奇（Frederic Edwin Church，1836年5月4日-1900年4月7日）是一位美國風景畫家，他是托馬斯·科爾的學生，也是第二代哈德遜河派的中心人物之一。他的作品主要以他在美洲旅行時看到的山川、落日等宏偉的景觀為主，晚年也畫過一些城市景觀及地中海和中東的景色。